Papilio (Princeps) constantinus (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)
Specimen not available for photography; Voucher at Cornell University.
Locality: Kenya, ex. pupa, leg. I. Gordon.
Specimen used in studies by:
Reed, R.D. and Sperling, F.A., 1999. Interaction of process partitions in phylogenetic analysis: an example from the swallowtail butterfly genus Papilio. Mol. Biol. Evol. 16 (2), 286-297 (1999).
EV Zakharov, MS Caterino and FAH Sperling, 2004. Molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography, and divergence time estimates for swallowtail butterflies of the genus Papilio (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Systematic Biology 53 (2004): 193-215.
Zakharov, E.V., Smith, C.R., Lees, D.C., Cameron, A., Vane-Wright, R.I., and Sperling, F.A.H., 2004. Independent gene phylogenies and morphology demonstrate a Malagasy origin for a wide-ranging group of swallowtail butterflies. Evolution 58 (12), 2763-2782 (2004).
GenBank Accession Numbers for COI-COII AF044002, EF1a AF044836, and wingless AY569118.
DNA number FS-a-232; Lot No. 1204.
Caterino, M.S. and Sperling, F.A. 1999. Papilio phylogeny based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and II genes. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 11 (1), 122-137 (1999).