• 1) The Tree of Life web site: http://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html

• 2) Brusca, R.C. & G.J. Brusca. 2003. Invertebrates, Sinauer.

• 3) Meglitsch, P.A. & F.R. Schram. Invertebrate Zoology, 3rd Ed, Oxford.

• 4) Nielsen, C. 1995. Animal Evolution. Interrelationships of the Living Phyla, Oxford.

• 5) Pearse, V., J. Pearse, M. Buchsbaum & R. Buchsbaum. 1987. Living Invertebrates, Blackwell.

• 6) Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox & R.D. Barnes. 2004. Invertebrate Zoology, 7th Ed, Thomson - Brooks/Cole.

• 7) Eernisse, D. J., J. S. Albert, and F. E. Anderson. 1992. Annelida and Arthropoda are not sister taxa: A phylogenetic analysis of spiralian metazoan morphology. Systematic Biology 41:305-330.

• 8) Wagele, J.-W. and B. Misof. 2001. On quality of evidence in phylogeny reconstruction: A reply to Zrzavy's defence of the 'Ecdysozoa' hypothesis. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 39: 165-176.

• 9) Martindale, M.Q., Finnerty, J.R. & J. Q. Henry. 2002. The Radiata and the evolutionary orginis of the bilaterian body plan. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution 24: 358-365.

• 10) Keeling, P. J. et al. 2005. The tree of eukaryotes. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20: 670-676.

Back to Zool 250 Home Page