Saefftigen's pouch:
a fluid-filled, muscular sac used to manipulate the copulatory bursa of male Acanthocephala.
schistosomule:
a migratory stage between cercaria and adult of the schistosomes; equivalent to the metacercarial stage in other digeneans.
schizogony:
a form of asexual reproduction characterized by multiple mitoses and cytokineses that form numerous daughter cells.
schizont:
a cell undergoing schizogony in which the cytokineses are not complete.
Schuffner's dots:
stippling present on the membrane of erythrocytes infected with some species of Plasmodium, visible only under proper staining.
sclerite:
a hardened, curved structure usually supporting a clamp.
sclerotized:
partially composed of sclerotin, a highly resistant and insoluble protein of arthropods and some other invertebrates.
scolex:
the attachment organ of Cestoda.
scutum:
a dorsal plate covering the entire dorsal surface of some adult male ticks, and the anterior dorsal surface of nymphs and females.
secondary infection:
damage of host tissues by one species of parasite that enables entry of other species of pathogen.
seed tick:
a tick larva.
selector apparatus:
a collection of cells in the reproductive tract of female Acanthocephala that forms a series of channels capable of directing immature eggs back into the pseudocoele and passing mature eggs into the uterus.
seminal receptacle:
organ of female genital system used to receive and store spermatozoa.
seminal vesicle:
a distal expansion of vas deferens.
serial polyembryony:
the development of zygotes within other zygotes.
sessile:
not elevated above the substrate on any sort of stalk.
seta:
fine external spine or hair.
sexual:
reproduction involving the fusion of male and female gametes.
soma:
general term referring to the main body region excluding appendages.
spermatheca:
organ of female genital system used to receive and store sperm.
spicule:
sclerotized rods, often of complex shape, present in the cloaca of male Nematoda and used to guide spermatozoa during copulation.
spine:
a short, rigid external projection on the body, often used to aid attachment.
spiracular plate:
lateral opening of the respiratory system of some Arthropoda.
spore:
small, non-motile transmission stage containing a single infective organism; resistant to environmental conditions.
sporoblast:
a cell that produces a spore.
sporocyst:
an early developmental stage capable of asexual reproduction:
in sporozoans it is usually enclosed within an oocyst; in digeneans it is an intramolluscan stage lacking a gut.
sporogony:
multiple fission of a zygote that forms large numbers of sporozoites.
sporoplasm:
amoeboid transmission stage of Myxospora and Microspora.
sporozoite:
a daughter cell resulting from sporogony within an oocyst.
sporulation:
the process of forming spores or sporozoites.
sternum:
the mid-ventral region.
stichosome:
a column of stichocytes that surround and secrete into the esophagus of Trichurata.
stoma:
the region of the oral opening.
strobila:
the region of the body of Cestoda that is posterior to the neck, and is usually segmented.
strobilocercus:
a type of cysticercus in which some segmentation is already evident.
stylet:
a short, sharp spine often used to aid penetration of a host.
subterminal:
occurring close to, but not at, an extremity.
sucker:
a (usually) circular structure with some mechanism to grip another surface within its margins.
sucking disk:
shallow depression in ventral surface of some Protozoa which aid attachment to host; the beating of flagella lowers pressure in the disk area.
syncytium:
a fusion of cell bodies but with retention of separate nuclei.
syzygy:
reproductive process in some gregarines in which male and female gametocytes partially fuse and encyst, then bud off gametes which fuse to form zygotes.