Posterior of female Heligmosomoides

(Redrawn after Durette-Desset 1983)

The female reproductive system terminates near the anus, which is unusual in that many related species have the vulva in the mid-body. Sphincters are important in nematodes because the high internal pressure of the nematode body would tend to force out contents ot the reporductive or digestive systems prematurely.